Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.39 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2022. It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a prominent role in the history and development of Western civilization. The church consists of 24 ''sui iuris'' churches, including the Latin Church and 23 Eastern Catholic Churches, which comprise almost 3,500 dioceses and eparchies located around the world. The pope, who is the bishop of Rome, is the chief pastor of the church. The Diocese of Rome, known as the Holy See, is the central governing authority of the church. The administrative body of the Holy See, the Roman Curia, has its principal offices in Vatican City, a small independent city-state and enclave within the Italian capital city of Rome, of which the pope is head of state.The core beliefs of Catholicism are found in the Nicene Creed. The Catholic Church teaches that it is the one, holy, catholic and apostolic church founded by Jesus Christ in his Great Commission, that its bishops are the successors of Christ's apostles, and that the pope is the successor to Saint Peter, upon whom primacy was conferred by Jesus Christ. It maintains that it practises the original Christian faith taught by the apostles, preserving the faith infallibly through scripture and sacred tradition as authentically interpreted through the magisterium of the church. The Roman Rite and others of the Latin Church, the Eastern Catholic liturgies, and institutes such as mendicant orders, enclosed monastic orders and third orders reflect a variety of theological and spiritual emphases in the church.
Of its seven sacraments, the Eucharist is the principal one, celebrated liturgically in the Mass. The church teaches that through consecration by a priest, the sacrificial bread and wine become the body and blood of Christ. The Virgin Mary is venerated as the Perpetual Virgin, Mother of God, and Queen of Heaven; she is honoured in dogmas and devotions.|}} Catholic social teaching emphasizes voluntary support for the sick, the poor, and the afflicted through the corporal and spiritual works of mercy. The Catholic Church operates tens of thousands of Catholic schools, universities and colleges, hospitals, and orphanages around the world, and is the largest non-government provider of education and health care in the world. Among its other social services are numerous charitable and humanitarian organizations.
The Catholic Church has profoundly influenced Western philosophy, culture, art, literature, music, law, and science. Catholics live all over the world through missions, immigration, diaspora, and conversions. Since the 20th century, the majority have resided in the Southern Hemisphere, partially due to secularization in Europe and increased persecution in the Middle East. The Catholic Church shared communion with the Eastern Orthodox Church until the East–West Schism in 1054, disputing particularly the authority of the pope. Before the Council of Ephesus in AD 431, the Church of the East also shared in this communion, as did the Oriental Orthodox Churches before the Council of Chalcedon in AD 451; all separated primarily over differences in Christology. The Eastern Catholic Churches, who have a combined membership of approximately 18 million, represent a body of Eastern Christians who returned or remained in communion with the pope during or following these schisms for a variety of historical circumstances. In the 16th century, the Reformation led to the formation of separate, Protestant groups. From the late 20th century, the Catholic Church has been criticized for its teachings on sexuality, its doctrine against ordaining women, and its handling of sexual abuse cases involving clergy.
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6151
Location: Cudahy Archives, Loyola University Chicago
Finding aid to theRussian Apostolate, St. Procopius Abbey records
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6152Created 2006“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Chicago (Ill.)...”
Location: U.S. Catholic Special Collection, University of Dayton
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6153Created 1987“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Committee on the Missions...”
Location: U.S. Catholic Special Collection, University of Dayton
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6154by Thiberge, Louis“...Catholic Church. Pope (1691-1700 : Innocent XII)...”
Created 1700
Location: John J. Burns Library, Boston College
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6155
Location: Gleeson Library, University of San Francisco
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6156Created 1668“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Geneva (Switzerland). Bishop (1602-1622 : Francis, de Sales)...”
Location: Gleeson Library, University of San Francisco
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6157Created 1901“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Duluth (Minn.) Bishop (1889-1918 : James McGolrick)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6158Created 1564“...Catholic Church. Pope (1559-1565 : Pius IV)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
Conference Proceeding Book -
6159Created 1640“...Catholic Church. Pope (1559-1565 : Pius IV)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
Conference Proceeding Book -
6160Created 1889“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of New York (N.Y.) Archbishop (1886-1902 : Corrigan)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6161Created 1586“...Catholic Church. Pope (1559-1565 : Pius IV)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
Conference Proceeding Book -
6162Created 1943“...Catholic Church. Pope (1878-1903 : Leo XIII)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6163Created 1971“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6164Created 1973“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Bishops' Committee for Ecumenical...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6165by Paul VI, Pope, 1897-1978“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Created 1968
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6166by Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958“...Catholic Church. Pope (1939-1958 : Pius XII)...”
Created 1951
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
Conference Proceeding Book -
6167by Paul VI, Pope, 1897-1978“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Created 1966
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6168by Paul VI, Pope, 1897-1978“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Created 1967
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6169Created 1889“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of New York (N.Y.). Archbishop (1885-1902 : Corrigan)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6170Created 1878“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Rochester (N.Y.). Bishop (1868-1909 : McQuaid)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6171Created 1659“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Puebla (Mexico). Bishop (1639-1653 : Palafox y Mendoza)...”
Location: John J. Burns Library, Boston College
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6172
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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6173
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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6174Created 1954“...Catholic Church. Pope (1362-1370 : Urban V)...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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6175Created 2004“...Catholic Church. Assemblee des eveques du Quebec...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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6176Created 1968“...Catholic Church...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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6177Created 1912“...Catholic Church. Pope (1846-1878 : Pius IX)...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
Conference Proceeding Book -
6178Created 1975“...Catholic Church. Secretariatus ad Christianorum Unitatem Fovendam...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6179Created 1968“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6180Created 1967“...Catholic Church. Secretariatus ad Christianorum Unitatem Fovendam...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6181Created 1951“...Catholic Church. Pope (1939-1958 : Pius XII)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6182Created 1993“...Catholic Church. Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6183Created 1966“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6184Created 1950“...Catholic Church. Pope (1939-1958 : Pius XII)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6185Created 1951“...Catholic Church. Pope (1939-1958 : Pius XII)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6186Created 1950“...Catholic Church. Pope (1939-1958 : Pius XII)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6187Created 1956“...Catholic Church. Pope (1939-1958 : Pius XII)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6188Created 1964“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6189Created 1965“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6190by Paul VI, Pope, 1897-1978“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Created 1965
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6191Created 1957“...Catholic Church. Pope (1939-1958 : Pius XII)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6192by Paul VI, Pope, 1897-1978“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Created 1965
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6193by Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958“...Catholic Church. Pope (1939-1958 : Pius XII)...”
Created 1951
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6194Created 1950“...Catholic Church. Pope (1939-1958 : Pius XII)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6195Created 1943“...Catholic Church. Pope (1939-1958 : Pius XII)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6196by Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958“...Catholic Church. Pope (1939-1958 : Pius XII)...”
Created 1953
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6197by Paul VI, Pope, 1897-1978“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Created 1975
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6198by Paul VI, Pope, 1897-1978“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Created 1964
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6199Created 1974“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6200by John XXIII, Pope, 1881-1963“...Catholic Church. Pope (1958-1963 : John XXIII)...”
Created 1962
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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