France
France,}} officially the French Republic, }} is a country located primarily in Western Europe. It also includes overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans, giving it one of the largest discontiguous exclusive economic zones in the world. Metropolitan France shares borders with Belgium and Luxembourg to the north, Germany to the north east, Switzerland to the east, Italy and Monaco to the south east, Andorra and Spain to the south, and a maritime border with the United Kingdom to the north west. Its metropolitan area extends from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean and from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea. Its overseas territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the North Atlantic, the French West Indies, and many islands in Oceania and the Indian Ocean. Its eighteen integral regions (five of which are overseas) span a combined area of and have a total population of 68.4 million . France is a unitary semi-presidential republic with its capital in Paris, the country's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre; other major urban areas include Marseille, Lyon, Toulouse, Lille, Bordeaux, Strasbourg, Nantes, and Nice.Metropolitan France was settled during the Iron Age by Celtic tribes known as Gauls before Rome annexed the area in 51 BC, leading to a distinct Gallo-Roman culture. In the Early Middle Ages, the Germanic Franks formed the Kingdom of Francia, which became the heartland of the Carolingian Empire. The Treaty of Verdun of 843 partitioned the empire, with West Francia evolving into the Kingdom of France. In the High Middle Ages, France was a powerful but decentralized feudal kingdom, but from the mid-14th to the mid-15th centuries, France was plunged into a dynastic conflict with England known as the Hundred Years' War. In the 16th century, the French Renaissance saw culture flourish and a French colonial empire rise. Internally, France was dominated by the conflict with the House of Habsburg and the French Wars of Religion between Catholics and Huguenots. France was successful in the Thirty Years' War and further increased its influence during the reign of Louis XIV.
The French Revolution of 1789 overthrew the and produced the Declaration of the Rights of Man, which expresses the nation's ideals to this day. France reached its political and military zenith in the early 19th century under Napoleon Bonaparte, subjugating part of continental Europe and establishing the First French Empire. The French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars significantly shaped the course of European history. The collapse of the empire initiated a period of relative decline, in which France endured the Bourbon Restoration until the founding of the French Second Republic which was succeeded by the Second French Empire upon Napoleon III's takeover. His empire collapsed during the Franco-Prussian War in 1870. This led to the establishment of the Third French Republic, and subsequent decades saw a period of economic prosperity and cultural and scientific flourishing known as the Belle Époque. France was one of the major participants of World War I, from which it emerged victorious at great human and economic cost. It was among the Allied powers of World War II, but it surrendered and was occupied by the Axis in 1940. Following its liberation in 1944, the short-lived Fourth Republic was established and later dissolved in the course of the defeat in the Algerian War. The current Fifth Republic was formed in 1958 by Charles de Gaulle. Algeria and most French colonies became independent in the 1960s, with the majority retaining close economic and military ties with France.
France retains its centuries-long status as a global centre of art, science, and philosophy. It hosts the third-largest number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites and is the world's leading tourist destination, receiving over 89 million foreign visitors in 2018. France is a developed country with a high nominal per capita income globally, and its advanced economy ranks among the largest in the world. It is a great power in global affairs, being one of the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council and an official nuclear-weapon state. France is a founding and leading member of the European Union and the eurozone, as well as a key member of the Group of Seven, North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), and Francophonie. Provided by Wikipedia
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751by Bouvier, J. B. (Jean Baptiste), 1783-1854“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Le Mans (France)...”
Created 1843
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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752by Icard, Henri Joseph, 1805-1893“...Seminaire de Saint-Sulpice (Paris, France)...”
Created 1886
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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753Created 1761“...France. Sovereign (1715-1774 : Louis XV)...”
Location: John J. Burns Library, Boston College
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754Created 1983“...Institut Ricci (Paris, France)...”
Location: John J. Burns Library, Boston College
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755Created 1704“...Académie des inscriptions & belles-lettres (France)...”
Location: Dinand Library, College of the Holy Cross
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756by Icard, Henri Joseph, 1805-1893“...Seminaire de Saint-Sulpice (Paris, France)...”
Created 1859
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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757Created 1762“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Angers (France)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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758Created 1773“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Bordeaux (France)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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759Created 1855“...Congrès archéologique de France Moulins, France...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
Conference Proceeding Book -
760Created 1732“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Sens (France). Archbishop (1731-1753 : Languet)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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761Created 1587“...Catholic Church. Province of Cambrai (France). : Provincial council...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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762by Tanon, Celestin Louis, 1839-“...Paris (France) Saint-Maur-des-Fosses (Abbey)...”
Created 1883
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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763Created 1899“...Sanctuaire Notre Dame du Laus (Saint-Etienne-le-Laus, France)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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764Created 1755“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Angers (France)...”
Location: Dinand Library, College of the Holy Cross
Conference Proceeding Book -
765Created 1872“...Notre-Dame (Church : Fontenay-le-Comte, France)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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766Created 1752“...Hôpital général de la charité (Lyon, France)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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767by Mesnard, Jean de la Noë, 1650-1717“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Nantes (France). Bishop (Beauvau)...”
Created 1723
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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768by Guigue, Marie Claude, 1832-1899“...Hôpital général de la charité (Lyon, France)...”
Created 1876
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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769Created 1846“...Notre-Dame des Moulineaux (Priory : Rambouillet, France)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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770Created 1900“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Angoulême (France). Bishop (Mando)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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771Created 1826“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Angers (France)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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772Created 1859“...Eglises réformées de France. Consistoire de Paris...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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773Created 1757“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Clermont (France)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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774Created 1768“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Toul (France)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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775Created 1899“...Archiconfrérie de Notre-Dame de Pellevoisin (France)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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776Created 1947“...Notre-Dame de l'Osier (Vinay, France)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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777
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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778Created 1949“...Abbaye Saint-Louis du Temple (Vauhallan, France)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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779by Mesnard, Jean de la Noë, 1650-1717“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Nantes (France). Bishop (Beauvau)...”
Created 1723
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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780Created 1859“...Eglise réformée de France. Consistoire de Paris...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
Online Access
Online Access
eBook -
781Created 1961“...Notre-Dame-du-Haut (Chapel : Ronchamp, France)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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782
Location: Benedictine University Library, Benedictine University
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783Created 1910“...Notre-Dame de Béhuard (Church : Béhuard, France)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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784Created 1894“...Archiconfrèrie de Notre-Dame de Pellevoisin (France)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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785by La Luzerne, César-Guillaume de, 1738-1821“...Catholic Church. Assemblée du Clergé de France...”
Created 1843
Location: John M. Kelly Library, St. Michael's College
Internet Archive
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786by Garnier, Jean, 1612-1681“...Lycée Louis-le-Grand (Paris, France). Bibliothèque...”
Created 1678
Location: Cudahy Archives, Loyola University Chicago
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787Created 1730“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Boulogne-sur-Mer (France)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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788Created 1629“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Nantes (France)...”
Location: Cudahy Archives, Loyola University Chicago
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789Created 1760“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Lyon (France)...”
Location: John M. Kelly Library, St. Michael's College
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790Created 1744“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Paris (France)...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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791Created 1963“...Bibliothèque nationale (France)...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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792by Garnier, Jean, 1612-1681“...Lycě Louis-le-Grand (Paris, France). Bibliothq̈ue...”
Created 1678
Location: John J. Burns Library, Boston College
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793Created 1760“...Paris (France). Juge et consuls des marchands...”
Location: John J. Burns Library, Boston College
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794Created 1927“...Paroisse St-Laurent de Aubenas (Aubenas, France)...”
Location: John J. Burns Library, Boston College
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795by Hubin, Julien, S.J“...Collg̈e Saint-Vincent-De-Paul (Poitiers, France)...”
Created 1856
Location: John J. Burns Library, Boston College
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796by Belloc, Hilaire, 1870-1953“...France. Convention nationale. Comite de salut public...”
Created 1928
Location: University of St. Thomas Libraries, University of St. Thomas
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797by Belloc, Hilaire, 1870-1953“...France. Convention nationale. Comite de salut public...”
Created 1911
Location: University of St. Thomas Libraries, University of St. Thomas
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798
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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799
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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800Created 1780“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Rouen (France)...”
Location: Cudahy Archives, Loyola University Chicago
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