Franciscans
The Franciscans are a group of related mendicant religious orders of the Catholic Church. Founded in 1209 by the Italian saint Francis of Assisi, these orders include three independent orders for men (the Order of Friars Minor being the largest contemporary male order), orders for nuns such as the Order of Saint Clare, and the Third Order of Saint Francis open to male and female members. They adhere to the teachings and spiritual disciplines of the founder and of his main associates and followers, such as Clare of Assisi, Anthony of Padua, and Elizabeth of Hungary. Several smaller Protestant Franciscan orders or other groups have been established since late 1800's as well, particularly in the Anglican and Lutheran traditions.Francis began preaching around 1207 and traveled to Rome to seek approval from Pope Innocent III in 1209 to form a new religious order. The original Rule of Saint Francis approved by the Pope did not allow ownership of property, requiring members of the order to beg for food while preaching. The austerity was meant to emulate the life and ministry of Jesus Christ. Franciscans traveled and preached in the streets, while staying in church properties. Clare of Assisi, under Francis's guidance, founded the Poor Clares (Order of Saint Clare) of the Franciscans.
The extreme poverty required of members was relaxed in the final revision of the Rule in 1223. The degree of observance required of members remained a major source of conflict within the order, resulting in numerous secessions.}}}} The Order of Friars Minor, previously known as the "Observant" branch, is one of the three Franciscan First Orders within the Catholic Church, the others being the "Conventuals" (formed 1517) and "Capuchins" (1520). The Order of Friars Minor, in its current form, is the result of an amalgamation of several smaller orders completed in 1897 by Pope Leo XIII.}} The latter two, the Capuchin and Conventual, remain distinct religious institutes within the Catholic Church, observing the Rule of Saint Francis with different emphases. Conventual Franciscans are sometimes referred to as minorites or greyfriars because of their habit. In Poland and Lithuania they are known as Bernardines, after Bernardino of Siena, although the term elsewhere refers to Cistercians instead.
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101Created 1827“...Franciscans. Cismontane Family...”
Location: John M. Kelly Library, St. Michael's College
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102Created 1704“...Franciscans. Cismontane Family...”
Location: John M. Kelly Library, St. Michael's College
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103
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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104
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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105
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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106
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107Created 1970“...Franciscans. Assumption Province...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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108Created 1965“...Franciscans. Assumption Province...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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109Created 1926“...Franciscans. Provinzialat, Düsseldorf...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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110Created 1974“...Franciscans. Assumption Province...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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111Created 1977“...Franciscans. Assumption Province...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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112Created 1961“...Franciscans. Nederlandse Provincie...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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113
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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114Created 1905“...Franciscans. Assumption Province...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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115Created 1962“...Franciscans. Ministers General...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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116Created 1970“...Franciscans. Ministers Provincial...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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117Created 1972“...Franciscans. Assumption Province...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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118Created 1958“...Franciscans. Assumption Province...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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119Created 1966“...Franciscans. Assumption Province...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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120Created 1995“...Franciscans. Ministers General...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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121Created 1988“...Franciscans. Sächsischen Provinz...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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122by Koser, Costantino, 1918-“...Franciscans. Capitulum Generale...”
Created 1979
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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123Created 1955“...Franciscans. Assumption Province...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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124Created 1975“...Franciscans. Assumption Province...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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125Created 1969“...Franciscans. Assumption Province...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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126Created 1962“...Franciscans. Ministers Provincial...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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127by Pacifico, a Vicetia, padre, O.F.M“...Franciscans. Provincia veneta...”
Created 1894
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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128
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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129Created 1958“...Franciscans. Assumption Province...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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130Created 1931“...Franciscans. Third Order...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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131Created 1969“...Franciscans. Consilium Plenarium...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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132Created 1863“...Franciscans. Sächsische Provinz...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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133Created 1957“...Franciscans. Capitulum Generale...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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134Created 1968“...Franciscans. Capitulum Generale...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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135
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136Created 1633“...Franciscans. Capitulum Generale...”
Location: Copley Library, University of San Diego
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137Created 1645“...Franciscans. Capitulum Generale...”
Location: Copley Library, University of San Diego
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138Created 1673“...Franciscans. Capitulum Generale...”
Location: Copley Library, University of San Diego
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139Created 1929“...Franciscans...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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140Created 1967“...Franciscans. Provincijalat presvetog Otkupitelja...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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141Created 1969“...Franciscans. Minister General (1967-1979 : Koser)...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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142Created 1933“...Franciscans. Custody of the Holy Land...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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143Created 1977“...Franciscans. Capitulum Generale Extraordinarium...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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144by Kolbe, Maximilian, Saint, 1894-1941“...Franciscans. Provinz franziskane Deutschlands...”
Created 1981
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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145Created 1995“...Franciscans. Province of Saint Barbara...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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146Created 1998“...Franciscans. Province of the Sacred Heart...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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147Created 1990“...Franciscans. Province of the Sacred Heart...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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148Created 1976“...Franciscans. Province of the Sacred Heart...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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149Created 1962“...Franciscans. Province of Saint Barbara...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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150Created 1953“...Franciscans. Province of the Sacred Heart...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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