Franciscans
The Franciscans are a group of related mendicant religious orders of the Catholic Church. Founded in 1209 by the Italian saint Francis of Assisi, these orders include three independent orders for men (the Order of Friars Minor being the largest contemporary male order), orders for nuns such as the Order of Saint Clare, and the Third Order of Saint Francis open to male and female members. They adhere to the teachings and spiritual disciplines of the founder and of his main associates and followers, such as Clare of Assisi, Anthony of Padua, and Elizabeth of Hungary. Several smaller Protestant Franciscan orders or other groups have been established since late 1800's as well, particularly in the Anglican and Lutheran traditions.Francis began preaching around 1207 and traveled to Rome to seek approval from Pope Innocent III in 1209 to form a new religious order. The original Rule of Saint Francis approved by the Pope did not allow ownership of property, requiring members of the order to beg for food while preaching. The austerity was meant to emulate the life and ministry of Jesus Christ. Franciscans traveled and preached in the streets, while staying in church properties. Clare of Assisi, under Francis's guidance, founded the Poor Clares (Order of Saint Clare) of the Franciscans.
The extreme poverty required of members was relaxed in the final revision of the Rule in 1223. The degree of observance required of members remained a major source of conflict within the order, resulting in numerous secessions.}}}} The Order of Friars Minor, previously known as the "Observant" branch, is one of the three Franciscan First Orders within the Catholic Church, the others being the "Conventuals" (formed 1517) and "Capuchins" (1520). The Order of Friars Minor, in its current form, is the result of an amalgamation of several smaller orders completed in 1897 by Pope Leo XIII.}} The latter two, the Capuchin and Conventual, remain distinct religious institutes within the Catholic Church, observing the Rule of Saint Francis with different emphases. Conventual Franciscans are sometimes referred to as minorites or greyfriars because of their habit. In Poland and Lithuania they are known as Bernardines, after Bernardino of Siena, although the term elsewhere refers to Cistercians instead.
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151by Poza, Juan Bautista, 1588-1659“...Franciscans...”
Created 1629
Location: John J. Burns Library, Boston College
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152Created 1937“...Franciscans. Province of the Sacred Heart...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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153
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154
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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155Created 1958“...Franciscans. Minister General (Sépinski)...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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156Created 1976“...Franciscans. Capitulum Generale Extraordinarium...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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157Created 1971“...Franciscans. Extraordinary General Chapter...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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158Created 1956“...Franciscans. Province of the Sacred Heart...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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159Created 1953“...Franciscans. Minister General (Sépinski)...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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160Created 1971“...Franciscans. Capitulum Generale Extraordinarium...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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161Created 1895“...Franciscans. Custody of the Holy Land...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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162Created 1965“...Franciscans. Province of the Immaculate Conception...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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163Created 1916“...Franciscans. Province de France...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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164Created 1953“...Franciscans. Minister General (Sépinski)...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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165Created 1958“...Franciscans. Minister General (Sépinski)...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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166Created 1958“...Franciscans. Province of the Immaculate Conception...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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167Created 1905“...Franciscans. Province of the Sacred Heart...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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168Created 1955“...Franciscans. Minister General (Sépinski)...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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169Created 1899“...Franciscans. Province of the Sacred Heart...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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170Created 1904“...Franciscans. Province de France...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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171Created 1939“...Franciscans. Minister General (Bello)...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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172Created 1971“...Franciscans. Capitulum Generale Extraordinarium...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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173Created 1925“...Franciscans. Province of the Sacred Heart...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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174Created 1981“...Franciscans. Custody of the Holy Land...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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175Created 1970“...Franciscans. Commissio Internationalis Missionum...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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176Created 1970“...Franciscans. Commissio Internationalis Institutionis...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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177Created 1971“...Franciscans. Extraordinary General Chapter...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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178Created 1965“...Franciscans. Province of Saint Barbara...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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179Created 1931“...Franciscans. Custody of the Holy Land...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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180Created 1937“...Franciscans. Custody of the Holy Land...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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181Created 1950“...Franciscans. Custody of the Holy Land...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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182Created 1953“...Franciscans. Custody of the Holy Land...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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183Created 1960“...Franciscans. Province of the Sacred Heart...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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184Created 1964“...Franciscans. Minister General (Sépinski)...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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185Created 1958“...Franciscans. Province of the Sacred Heart...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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186Created 1959“...Franciscans. Province of the Sacred Heart...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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187Created 1966“...Franciscans. Province of the Sacred Heart...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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188Created 1881“...Franciscans. Province of the Sacred Heart...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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189Created 1978“...Franciscans. English-Speaking Conference...”
Location: U.S. Catholic Special Collection, University of Dayton
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190Created 1972“...Franciscans. Commissio Internationalis Praecapitularis Pro Constitutionibus Generalibus...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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191Created 1967“...Franciscans. Minister General (1967-1979 : Koser)...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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192Created 1976“...Franciscans. English-Speaking Conference of Provincials. Commission on Franciscan Documents...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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193Created 1937“...Franciscans. Third Order. U.S.A...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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194Created 1934“...Franciscans. Province of the Most Holy Name...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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195Created 1993“...Franciscans. Missionszentrale...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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196Created 1967“...Franciscans. Zentralkommission der Franziskanischen Arbeitsgemeinschaft...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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197
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198Created 1997“...Franciscans. General Secretariat for Formation and Studies...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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199Created 1921“...Franciscans. Province of the Most Holy Name...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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200Created 1926“...Franciscans. Province of St. John the Baptist...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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