Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.39 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2022. It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a prominent role in the history and development of Western civilization. The church consists of 24 ''sui iuris'' churches, including the Latin Church and 23 Eastern Catholic Churches, which comprise almost 3,500 dioceses and eparchies located around the world. The pope, who is the bishop of Rome, is the chief pastor of the church. The Diocese of Rome, known as the Holy See, is the central governing authority of the church. The administrative body of the Holy See, the Roman Curia, has its principal offices in Vatican City, a small independent city-state and enclave within the Italian capital city of Rome, of which the pope is head of state.The core beliefs of Catholicism are found in the Nicene Creed. The Catholic Church teaches that it is the one, holy, catholic and apostolic church founded by Jesus Christ in his Great Commission, that its bishops are the successors of Christ's apostles, and that the pope is the successor to Saint Peter, upon whom primacy was conferred by Jesus Christ. It maintains that it practises the original Christian faith taught by the apostles, preserving the faith infallibly through scripture and sacred tradition as authentically interpreted through the magisterium of the church. The Roman Rite and others of the Latin Church, the Eastern Catholic liturgies, and institutes such as mendicant orders, enclosed monastic orders and third orders reflect a variety of theological and spiritual emphases in the church.
Of its seven sacraments, the Eucharist is the principal one, celebrated liturgically in the Mass. The church teaches that through consecration by a priest, the sacrificial bread and wine become the body and blood of Christ. The Virgin Mary is venerated as the Perpetual Virgin, Mother of God, and Queen of Heaven; she is honoured in dogmas and devotions.|}} Catholic social teaching emphasizes voluntary support for the sick, the poor, and the afflicted through the corporal and spiritual works of mercy. The Catholic Church operates tens of thousands of Catholic schools, universities and colleges, hospitals, and orphanages around the world, and is the largest non-government provider of education and health care in the world. Among its other social services are numerous charitable and humanitarian organizations.
The Catholic Church has profoundly influenced Western philosophy, culture, art, literature, music, law, and science. Catholics live all over the world through missions, immigration, diaspora, and conversions. Since the 20th century, the majority have resided in the Southern Hemisphere, partially due to secularization in Europe and increased persecution in the Middle East. The Catholic Church shared communion with the Eastern Orthodox Church until the East–West Schism in 1054, disputing particularly the authority of the pope. Before the Council of Ephesus in AD 431, the Church of the East also shared in this communion, as did the Oriental Orthodox Churches before the Council of Chalcedon in AD 451; all separated primarily over differences in Christology. The Eastern Catholic Churches, who have a combined membership of approximately 18 million, represent a body of Eastern Christians who returned or remained in communion with the pope during or following these schisms for a variety of historical circumstances. In the 16th century, the Reformation led to the formation of separate, Protestant groups. From the late 20th century, the Catholic Church has been criticized for its teachings on sexuality, its doctrine against ordaining women, and its handling of sexual abuse cases involving clergy.
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6051Created 2005“...Catholic Church. Congregatio pro Institutis Vitae Consecratae et Societatibus Vitae Apostolicae...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6052by Fernández Risco, Miguel“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Seville (Spain). Departamento Diocesano de Catequesis de Sevilla...”
Created 1997
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6053by Fernández Risco, Miguel“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Seville (Spain). Departamento Diocesano de Catequesis de Sevilla...”
Created 1996
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6054by Fernández Risco, Miguel“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Seville (Spain). Departamento Diocesano de Catequesis de Sevilla...”
Created 1996
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6055by Fernández Risco, Miguel“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Seville (Spain). Departamento Diocesano de Catequesis de Sevilla...”
Created 1995
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6056by Suárez San Miguel, Concha“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Seville (Spain). Departamento Diocesano de Catequesis de Sevilla...”
Created 1997
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6057Created 1897“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Vincennes (Ind.)...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6058Created 1929“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Indianapolis (Ind.)...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6059Created 1954“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Indianapolis (Ind.)...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6060Created 1872“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Vincennes (Ind.)...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6061Created 1870“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Pittsburgh (Pa.)...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6062Created 1969“...Catholic Church...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6063Created 1937“...Catholic Church...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6064Created 1901“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Tarbes et Lourdes (France). Bishop (1899-1927 : Schoepfer)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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6065Created 1900“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Tarbes et Lourdes (France). Bishop (1899-1927 : Schoepfer)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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6066Created 1901“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Tarbes et Lourdes (France). Bishop (1899-1927 : Schoepfer)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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6067Created 1897“...Catholic Church. Diocese of St. Louis (Mo.). Synod...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6068Created 1971“...Catholic Church. Congregatio pro Cultu Divino. Institutio generalis de liturgia horarum...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6069Created 1987“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Bishops' Committee on the Liturgy...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6070Created 1988“...Catholic Church...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6071Created 1964“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6072Created 1967“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6073Created 1970“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6074Created 1968“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6075Created 1951“...Catholic Church. Pope (1939-1958 : Pius XII)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6076Created 1976“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6077Created 1961“...Catholic Church. Pope (1958-1963 : John XXIII)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6078Created 1974“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6079Created 1975“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6080Created 1974“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6081Created 1971“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6082Created 1967“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6083Created 1967“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6084Created 1971“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6085Created 1971“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6086Created 1972“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6087Created 1974“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6088by Paul VI, Pope, 1897-1978“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Created 1965
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6089Created 1965“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6090Created 1966“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6091by Paul VI, Pope, 1897-1978“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Created 1964
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6092Created 1963“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6093Created 1974“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6094Created 1962“...Catholic Church. Pope (1958-1963 : John XXIII)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6095Created 1950“...Catholic Church. Pope (1939-1958 : Pius XII)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6096Created 1951“...Catholic Church. Pope (1939-1958 : Pius XII)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6097Created 1950“...Catholic Church. Pope (1939-1958 : Pius XII)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6098Created 1956“...Catholic Church. Pope (1939-1958 : Pius XII)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6099Created 1966“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6100by Paul VI, Pope, 1897-1978“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Created 1965
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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