Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.39 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2022. It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a prominent role in the history and development of Western civilization. The church consists of 24 ''sui iuris'' churches, including the Latin Church and 23 Eastern Catholic Churches, which comprise almost 3,500 dioceses and eparchies located around the world. The pope, who is the bishop of Rome, is the chief pastor of the church. The Diocese of Rome, known as the Holy See, is the central governing authority of the church. The administrative body of the Holy See, the Roman Curia, has its principal offices in Vatican City, a small independent city-state and enclave within the Italian capital city of Rome, of which the pope is head of state.The core beliefs of Catholicism are found in the Nicene Creed. The Catholic Church teaches that it is the one, holy, catholic and apostolic church founded by Jesus Christ in his Great Commission, that its bishops are the successors of Christ's apostles, and that the pope is the successor to Saint Peter, upon whom primacy was conferred by Jesus Christ. It maintains that it practises the original Christian faith taught by the apostles, preserving the faith infallibly through scripture and sacred tradition as authentically interpreted through the magisterium of the church. The Roman Rite and others of the Latin Church, the Eastern Catholic liturgies, and institutes such as mendicant orders, enclosed monastic orders and third orders reflect a variety of theological and spiritual emphases in the church.
Of its seven sacraments, the Eucharist is the principal one, celebrated liturgically in the Mass. The church teaches that through consecration by a priest, the sacrificial bread and wine become the body and blood of Christ. The Virgin Mary is venerated as the Perpetual Virgin, Mother of God, and Queen of Heaven; she is honoured in dogmas and devotions.|}} Catholic social teaching emphasizes voluntary support for the sick, the poor, and the afflicted through the corporal and spiritual works of mercy. The Catholic Church operates tens of thousands of Catholic schools, universities and colleges, hospitals, and orphanages around the world, and is the largest non-government provider of education and health care in the world. Among its other social services are numerous charitable and humanitarian organizations.
The Catholic Church has profoundly influenced Western philosophy, culture, art, literature, music, law, and science. Catholics live all over the world through missions, immigration, diaspora, and conversions. Since the 20th century, the majority have resided in the Southern Hemisphere, partially due to secularization in Europe and increased persecution in the Middle East. The Catholic Church shared communion with the Eastern Orthodox Church until the East–West Schism in 1054, disputing particularly the authority of the pope. Before the Council of Ephesus in AD 431, the Church of the East also shared in this communion, as did the Oriental Orthodox Churches before the Council of Chalcedon in AD 451; all separated primarily over differences in Christology. The Eastern Catholic Churches, who have a combined membership of approximately 18 million, represent a body of Eastern Christians who returned or remained in communion with the pope during or following these schisms for a variety of historical circumstances. In the 16th century, the Reformation led to the formation of separate, Protestant groups. From the late 20th century, the Catholic Church has been criticized for its teachings on sexuality, its doctrine against ordaining women, and its handling of sexual abuse cases involving clergy.
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6151Created 1954“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Indianapolis (Ind.)...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6152Created 1872“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Vincennes (Ind.)...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6153Created 1870“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Pittsburgh (Pa.)...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6154Created 1969“...Catholic Church...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6155Created 1937“...Catholic Church...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6156
Location: Gleeson Library, University of San Francisco
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6157Created 1668“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Geneva (Switzerland). Bishop (1602-1622 : Francis, de Sales)...”
Location: Gleeson Library, University of San Francisco
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6158Created 1904“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Manila (Philippines) Archbishop (1903-1916 : Jeremiah James Harty)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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6159Created 1856“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Nancy and Toul. Bishop, 1839-1859 (Alexis Basil Menjoud)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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6160Created 2005“...Catholic Church. Congregatio pro Institutis Vitae Consecratae et Societatibus Vitae Apostolicae...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6161by Fernández Risco, Miguel“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Seville (Spain). Departamento Diocesano de Catequesis de Sevilla...”
Created 1997
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6162by Fernández Risco, Miguel“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Seville (Spain). Departamento Diocesano de Catequesis de Sevilla...”
Created 1996
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6163by Fernández Risco, Miguel“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Seville (Spain). Departamento Diocesano de Catequesis de Sevilla...”
Created 1996
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6164by Fernández Risco, Miguel“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Seville (Spain). Departamento Diocesano de Catequesis de Sevilla...”
Created 1995
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6165by Suárez San Miguel, Concha“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Seville (Spain). Departamento Diocesano de Catequesis de Sevilla...”
Created 1997
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6166Created 1971“...Catholic Church. Congregatio pro Cultu Divino. Institutio generalis de liturgia horarum...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6167Created 1987“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Bishops' Committee on the Liturgy...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6168Created 1988“...Catholic Church...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6169Created 1990“...Catholic Church...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6170Created 1659“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Puebla (Mexico). Bishop (1639-1653 : Palafox y Mendoza)...”
Location: John J. Burns Library, Boston College
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6171by Thiberge, Louis“...Catholic Church. Pope (1691-1700 : Innocent XII)...”
Created 1700
Location: John J. Burns Library, Boston College
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6172Created 1860“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Chartres (France). Bishop, 1853-1889 (Louis-Eugène Regnault)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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6173Created 1855“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Chartres (France). Bishop, 1853-1889 (Louis-Eugène Regnault)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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6174Created 1855“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Chartres (France). Bishop, 1853-1889 (Louis-Eugène Regnault)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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6175Created 1893“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Bayonne (France). Bishop, 1890-1902 (François Antoine Jauffret)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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6176Created 1899“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Bayonne (France). Bishop, 1890-1902 (François Antoine Jauffret)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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6177Created 1890“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Bayonne (France). Bishop, 1890-1902 (François Antoine Jauffret)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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6178by Lepe y Dorantes, Pedro de, 1641-1700“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Calahorra (Spain). Bishop (1686-1700 : Lepe y Dorantes)...”
Created 1699
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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6179Created 1889“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Poitiers (France). Bishop, 1889-1893 (Augustin-Hubert Juteau)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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6180Created 1891“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Lyon (France). Archbishop, 1887-1893 (Joseph Alfred Foulon)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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6181Created 1907“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Lyon (France). Archbishop, 1893-1912 (Pierre Hector Coullié)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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6182Created 1900“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Lyon (France). Archbishop, 1893-1912 (Pierre Hector Coullié)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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6183Created 1900“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Lyon (France). Archbishop, 1893-1912 (Pierre Hector Coullié)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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6184Created 1920“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6185Created 1564“...Catholic Church. Pope (1559-1565 : Pius IV)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6186Created 1586“...Catholic Church. Pope (1559-1565 : Pius IV)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6187Created 1943“...Catholic Church. Pope (1878-1903 : Leo XIII)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6188Created 1973“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Bishops' Committee for Ecumenical...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6189by Paul VI, Pope, 1897-1978“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Created 1968
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6190by Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958“...Catholic Church. Pope (1939-1958 : Pius XII)...”
Created 1951
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6191by Paul VI, Pope, 1897-1978“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Created 1967
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6192Created 1847“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Vincennes (Ind.). Bishop (1839-1847 : De la Hailandière)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6193Created 1889“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of New York (N.Y.). Archbishop (1885-1902 : Corrigan)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6194Created 1677“...Catholic Church. Pope (1559-1565 : Pius IV)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6195Created 1886“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of New York (N.Y.) Archbishop (1885-1902 : Corrigan)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6196Created 1840“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Clifton (England). Bishop, Vicar-Apostolic (1823-1843 : Baines)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6197Created 1878“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Rochester (N.Y.). Bishop (1868-1909 : McQuaid)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6198by Wicinski, David Allan“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Cleveland (Ohio)...”
Created 2010
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6199Created 1738“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Paris (France). Archbishop (1729-1746 : Vintimille du Luc)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6200Created 1943“...Catholic Church. Pope (1939-1958 : Pius XII)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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