Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.39 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2022. It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a prominent role in the history and development of Western civilization. The church consists of 24 ''sui iuris'' churches, including the Latin Church and 23 Eastern Catholic Churches, which comprise almost 3,500 dioceses and eparchies located around the world. The pope, who is the bishop of Rome, is the chief pastor of the church. The Diocese of Rome, known as the Holy See, is the central governing authority of the church. The administrative body of the Holy See, the Roman Curia, has its principal offices in Vatican City, a small independent city-state and enclave within the Italian capital city of Rome, of which the pope is head of state.The core beliefs of Catholicism are found in the Nicene Creed. The Catholic Church teaches that it is the one, holy, catholic and apostolic church founded by Jesus Christ in his Great Commission, that its bishops are the successors of Christ's apostles, and that the pope is the successor to Saint Peter, upon whom primacy was conferred by Jesus Christ. It maintains that it practises the original Christian faith taught by the apostles, preserving the faith infallibly through scripture and sacred tradition as authentically interpreted through the magisterium of the church. The Roman Rite and others of the Latin Church, the Eastern Catholic liturgies, and institutes such as mendicant orders, enclosed monastic orders and third orders reflect a variety of theological and spiritual emphases in the church.
Of its seven sacraments, the Eucharist is the principal one, celebrated liturgically in the Mass. The church teaches that through consecration by a priest, the sacrificial bread and wine become the body and blood of Christ. The Virgin Mary is venerated as the Perpetual Virgin, Mother of God, and Queen of Heaven; she is honoured in dogmas and devotions.|}} Catholic social teaching emphasizes voluntary support for the sick, the poor, and the afflicted through the corporal and spiritual works of mercy. The Catholic Church operates tens of thousands of Catholic schools, universities and colleges, hospitals, and orphanages around the world, and is the largest non-government provider of education and health care in the world. Among its other social services are numerous charitable and humanitarian organizations.
The Catholic Church has profoundly influenced Western philosophy, culture, art, literature, music, law, and science. Catholics live all over the world through missions, immigration, diaspora, and conversions. Since the 20th century, the majority have resided in the Southern Hemisphere, partially due to secularization in Europe and increased persecution in the Middle East. The Catholic Church shared communion with the Eastern Orthodox Church until the East–West Schism in 1054, disputing particularly the authority of the pope. Before the Council of Ephesus in AD 431, the Church of the East also shared in this communion, as did the Oriental Orthodox Churches before the Council of Chalcedon in AD 451; all separated primarily over differences in Christology. The Eastern Catholic Churches, who have a combined membership of approximately 18 million, represent a body of Eastern Christians who returned or remained in communion with the pope during or following these schisms for a variety of historical circumstances. In the 16th century, the Reformation led to the formation of separate, Protestant groups. From the late 20th century, the Catholic Church has been criticized for its teachings on sexuality, its doctrine against ordaining women, and its handling of sexual abuse cases involving clergy.
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6351Created 1979“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Bishops' Committee on the Liturgy...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6352Created 1988“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Bishops' Committee on the Liturgy...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6353Created 2001“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Committee on Pastoral Practices...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6354Created 2006“...Catholic Church. United States Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6355Created 1973“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: U.S. Catholic Special Collection, University of Dayton
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6356Created 1980“...Catholic Church...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6357Created 1974“...Catholic Church. Congregatio pro Causis Sanctorum. Officium Historicum...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6358Created 1958“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of St. Louis (Mo.)...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6359Created 1945“...Catholic Church. Pope (1922-1939 : Pius XI)...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6360Created 2000“...Catholic Church. Office for the Liturgical Celebrations of the Supreme Pontiff...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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6361Created 2003“...Catholic Church. Conferencia del Episcopado Mexicano. Comisión Episcopal de Pastoral Litúrgica de...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6362Created 2006“...Catholic Church. Conferencia del Episcopado Mexicano. Comisión Episcopal de Pastoral Litúrgica de...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6363Created 2004“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Pittsburgh (Pa.). Dept. for Persons with Disabilities...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6364Created 1999“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Pittsburgh (Pa.). Dept. for Persons with Disabilities...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6365Created 1996“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Bishops' Committee on the Liturgy...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6366Created 1996“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Pittsburgh (Pa.). Dept. for Persons with Disabilities...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6367Created 1937“...Catholic Church. Pope, 1922-1939 (Pius XI) Divini Redemptoris (19 March 1937) English...”
Location: John J. Burns Library, Boston College
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6368Created 1908“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Bayonne (France). Bishop, 1906-19 (François Xavier Marie Jules Gieure)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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6369Created 1911“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Bayonne (France). Bishop, 1906-19 (François Xavier Marie Jules Gieure)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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6370Created 1912“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Bayonne (France). Bishop, 1906-1934 (François Xavier Marie Jules...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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6371Created 1977“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Bishops' Committee on the Liturgy...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6372Created 1935“...Catholic Church. Congregatio pro Causis Sanctorum...”
Location: William H. Hannon Library, Loyola Marymount University
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6373Created 1791“...Catholic Church. Pope (1676-1689 : Innocent XI)...”
Location: Copley Library, University of San Diego
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6374Created 1992“...Catholic Church...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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6375Created 1996“...Catholic Church...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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6376Created 2000“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Bishops' Committee on Migration...”
Location: Monsignor William Barry Memorial Library, Barry University
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6377Created 1970“...Catholic Church. Pontificia Commissio Codici Iuris Canonici Recognoscendo...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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6378Created 2001“...Catholic Church. United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. Administrative Committee...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6379Created 1997“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Bishops' Committee for Ecumenical...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6380Created 1965“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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Conference Proceeding eBook -
6381Created 1965“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
Online Access
Conference Proceeding eBook -
6382Created 1995“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Committee for Pro-Life Activities...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
Online Access
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6383Created 1974“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
Online Access
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6384Created 1965“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
Online Access
Conference Proceeding eBook -
6385Created 1965“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
Online Access
Conference Proceeding eBook -
6386Created 1964“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
Conference Proceeding Book -
6387Created 1962“...Catholic Church. Pope (1958-1963 : John XXIII)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
Conference Proceeding Book -
6388Created 1995“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Committee for Pro-Life Activities...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6389by Landregan, Steve“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Bishops' Committee on the Permanent...”
Created 1987
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6390Created 1985“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Bishops' Committee on the Liturgy...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6391Created 1981“...Catholic Church. Pope (1978-2005 : John Paul II)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6392by Shaw, Russell B.“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Bishops' Committee on the Permanent...”
Created 1978
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6393Created 1980“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Bishops' Committee on the Laity...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6394Created 1992“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Ad Hoc Committee for a Pastoral Response...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6395by Shaw, Russell B.“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Bishops' Committee on the Permanent...”
Created 1995
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6396Created 1994“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Bishops' Committee on the Liturgy...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6397
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6398by Meehan, Francis Xavier“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Committee for Pro-Life Activities...”
Created 1980
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6399by Noonan, John Thomas, 1926-“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Committee for Pro-Life Activities...”
Created 1980
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6400by Paul VI, Pope, 1897-1978“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Created 1966
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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